Titel
Secondary ossification center induces and protects growth plate structure
Autor*in
Pavel Gol'din
Department of Evolutionary Morphology, Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of NAS of Ukraine
Anna Nele Herdina
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet
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Abstract
Growth plate and articular cartilage constitute a single anatomical entity early in development but later separate into two distinct structures by the secondary ossification center (SOC). The reason for such separation remains unknown. We found that evolutionarily SOC appears in animals conquering the land - amniotes. Analysis of the ossification pattern in mammals with specialized extremities (whales, bats, jerboa) revealed that SOC development correlates with the extent of mechanical loads. Mathematical modeling revealed that SOC reduces mechanical stress within the growth plate. Functional experiments revealed the high vulnerability of hypertrophic chondrocytes to mechanical stress and showed that SOC protects these cells from apoptosis caused by extensive loading. Atomic force microscopy showed that hypertrophic chondrocytes are the least mechanically stiff cells within the growth plate. Altogether, these findings suggest that SOC has evolved to protect the hypertrophic chondrocytes from the high mechanical stress encountered in the terrestrial environment.
Stichwort
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular BiologyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyGeneral NeuroscienceGeneral Medicine
Objekt-Typ
Sprache
Englisch [eng]
Persistent identifier
Erschienen in
Titel
eLife
Band
9
ISSN
2050-084X
Erscheinungsdatum
2020
Publication
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
Erscheinungsdatum
2020
Zugänglichkeit
Rechte
Rechteangabe
© 2020, Xie et al
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